Intelligent power distribution system and smart pipeline construction

Introduction

In recent years, the national oil and gas pipeline industry has vigorously promoted the construction of smart pipelines with the goal of “full digital transfer, full intelligent operation, and full life cycle management”. Smart pipelines aim to achieve comprehensive data unification, interactive perception and visualization, system integration and interconnection, precise supply matching, intelligent and efficient operation, and controllable prediction and early warning. Through the “end + cloud + big data” system architecture, the full life cycle data of the pipeline is integrated, intelligent analysis and decision support are provided, and the visualization, networking, and intelligent management of the pipeline are realized.

 

Smart stations are an important part of smart pipelines. The intelligence level of the power distribution system of smart stations directly affects the overall technical level of smart stations. Traditional power distribution systems and equipment are unable to meet the relevant requirements of smart stations due to the lack of support from advanced technologies such as big data analysis, cloud computing, the Internet of Things, edge control systems, and smart distribution equipment, which reduces the overall technical level of smart pipelines and hinders the construction and development of smart pipelines. Driven by the tide of digitalization, traditional power distribution systems are gradually being upgraded to smart power distribution systems. The smart power distribution system integrates a variety of high-tech technologies today. With its distinctive characteristics and outstanding advantages, it can fully fit the smart pipeline and become an important part of smart stations.

 

At present, the degree of intelligence of the power distribution systems of existing oil and gas pipeline stations in my country varies. Most of the power distribution systems of oil and gas pipeline stations are not or are not completely intelligent. Since the intelligent power distribution system is the product of the integration of emerging technologies, and the smart pipeline is also a pipeline construction method that has gradually developed in recent years, the intelligent power distribution system is currently in the initial application stage in the intelligent stations of the smart pipeline. With the advancement of the construction of smart pipelines, the application of the intelligent power distribution system will also increase accordingly.

 

 

 

Overview of Intelligent Power Distribution System

The intelligent power distribution system is a digital system that integrates big data analysis, cloud computing, the Internet of Things, and edge control systems. It interconnects the intelligent devices in the power distribution system, realizes efficient maintenance of the power distribution equipment, ensures the safe and reliable operation of the power distribution equipment, and improves the economic efficiency of the application.

 

The upper system is composed of big data analysis, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things system; the middle system is the edge control system, which is composed of the power monitoring system and the power management system; the lower system is the intelligent power distribution equipment, which is composed of intelligent high and low voltage power distribution equipment, transformers, key power supplies, terminal equipment and other power distribution equipment. The composition of the intelligent power distribution system is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Topology of intelligent distribution system

 

 

Big Data Analysis

Big data analysis is the real-time processing and analysis of massive data, which provides sufficient guarantee for the prediction and reliability improvement of intelligent distribution system. The intelligent distribution system is equipped with a large number of intelligent protection, monitoring and control equipment, as well as multiple internal systems such as power monitoring system, power management system, station control system and substation comprehensive protection automation system, and external transmission dispatching automation system. These devices and systems are generating real-time massive data, which need to be processed quickly and accurately by applying big data analysis technology. Big data analysis is an important component of intelligent distribution system.

 

 

 

2.2. Cloud computing

At this stage, cloud computing is a solution that combines computer technologies such as distributed computing, utility computing, load balancing, parallel computing, network storage, hot backup and virtualization. It can provide the required service resources for the intelligent distribution system in real time and efficiently, and protect the intelligent distribution system in terms of information processing, real-time monitoring, security management, intelligent analysis, data call, etc.

 

 

 

2.3. IOT

The Internet of Things uses information sensors, radio frequency identification technology, global positioning systems, infrared sensors, laser scanners and other devices and technologies to collect real-time information such as equipment or processes that need to be monitored, connected, and interacted with, and through network access, it connects objects with objects and objects with people, and realizes intelligent perception, identification and management of objects and processes. Through the Internet of Things technology, the power distribution equipment in the intelligent power distribution system can be fully interconnected, so that the system can be strongly supported in terms of comprehensive perception, data fusion, and rapid feedback.

 

 

2.4. Edge Control System

The edge control system consists of the local power monitoring system and power management system at the station.

The power monitoring system consists of a monitoring host, communication equipment, comprehensive protection and measurement and control devices, etc., to realize functions such as real-time data collection of the distribution system, status detection of distribution equipment, real-time monitoring of distribution equipment, comprehensive protection of distribution equipment, and remote control of distribution equipment.

The power management system consists of a system host, communication equipment, and information collection equipment. It uses telemetry, remote control and other means to adjust station loads, optimize equipment operation, improve energy efficiency, and record the real-time power consumption of station electrical equipment, thereby achieving the purpose of energy management.

 

 

 

2.5. Intelligent power distribution equipment

Intelligent power distribution equipment consists of medium voltage power distribution equipment, transformers, low voltage power distribution equipment, key power supplies, terminal power distribution equipment and intelligent protection and monitoring equipment configured therein. Intelligent power distribution equipment is the basis of intelligent power distribution system. At present, intelligent modules are generally set in power distribution equipment to constitute intelligent power distribution equipment. Taking medium voltage switchgear as an example, first of all, it is a medium voltage switchgear with traditional structural functions, and then equipped with temperature rise online monitoring, circuit breaker life online monitoring, circuit breaker characteristics online monitoring, video online monitoring, remote/local electric operation, microcomputer protection and other monitoring function modules. The above equipment and intelligent modules together constitute the intelligent medium voltage switchgear.

 

Smart power distribution equipment is interconnected by communication networks and communication equipment (gateways) to achieve interconnection and interoperability, becoming part of the smart power distribution system. Since various power distribution equipment supports different communication protocols and specifications, it is necessary to convert various communication protocols through communication equipment (gateways) and upload them to local and cloud systems in a unified manner, so that each system can monitor and manage the power distribution equipment.

 

In summary, the big data analysis and cloud computing systems process and analyze the information of the power distribution system and intelligent power distribution equipment extracted by the edge control system to guide the operation of the power distribution system, and the Internet of Things achieves intelligent interconnection and intercommunication, and the edge control system monitors, supervises and protects the power distribution equipment. Based on the operation of the above systems, the intelligent power distribution system can achieve comprehensive digitalization.

 

 

 

3.Application of intelligent power distribution system in intelligent stations

Compared with traditional oil and gas pipeline stations, smart stations need to match the requirements of smart pipelines and provide strong technical support for the smart pipeline system, so more requirements are put forward for the supporting power distribution system in terms of intelligence. Combined with the design requirements of smart stations, through the investigation and analysis of the power distribution systems of recently built oil and gas pipeline stations, smart stations require the supporting power distribution system to provide the following necessary services and technical support:

 

1) Real-time monitoring and control of the operating status of the station power distribution system and equipment;

2) Real-time monitoring of the operating temperature of the station power distribution equipment;

3) Predict and prevent partial failures of the station power distribution system;

4) Diagnose partial faults of the station power distribution system and equipment;

5) Partial failure of the power distribution system and equipment at the remote maintenance station;

6) Record the fault recording, instantaneous waveform, harmonic analysis and other system parameters of the station power distribution system;

7) Analyze the energy consumption of the station;

8) Record and manage the maintenance process information of station power distribution equipment;

9) Real-time monitoring and collection of energy data at the station;

10) Analyze the power quality of the station;

11) Manage the power distribution equipment at the station and analyze its health;

12) Provide aging alarm for components of power distribution equipment in stations;

13) Record the installation information of the station power distribution equipment and the configuration information of static and dynamic parameters;

14) Optimize the protection settings of station power distribution equipment;

15) Record the historical data and historical faults of the station power distribution system;

16) Carry out asset management of station power distribution equipment;

17) Submit daily operation report and weekly alarm report of substation;

18) Conduct intelligent inspections on the station power distribution system and equipment;

19) Mobile terminals such as mobile phones monitor and view information on station power distribution systems and equipment.

 

The above technical requirements cannot be met or fully met by traditional power distribution systems due to supporting systems and equipment, and cannot support the requirements of smart stations. Relying on big data analysis, cloud computing, the Internet of Things, edge control systems and intelligent power distribution equipment, the technical innovation brought by the intelligent power distribution system is mainly reflected in the monitoring and protection of the power distribution system and equipment, the prevention and troubleshooting of power distribution system and equipment, the management of power distribution equipment, the information collection, storage and upload of power distribution system and equipment, intelligent operation and maintenance, and energy consumption analysis and optimization of stations.

 

It can fully meet the above technical requirements of the supporting power distribution system for smart stations. Compared with the traditional power distribution system, it brings many technical innovations and service upgrades to oil and gas pipeline stations. The main functions of the intelligent power distribution system are shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2. Main functions of intelligent distribution system

Smart pipelines need to achieve comprehensive data unification, interactive perception and visualization, system integration and interconnection, precise supply matching, intelligent and efficient operation, and predictive and early warning controllable functions. In the distribution system at the station end, these requirements are reflected in the distribution system and equipment information collection, storage and upload, distribution system and equipment monitoring and protection, distribution equipment management, intelligent operation and maintenance, distribution system and equipment fault prevention and troubleshooting. Based on the data uploaded by a large number of station intelligent distribution systems, through big data analysis and cloud computing processing, the smart pipeline system can realize data integration and analysis, allocate resources within the intelligent distribution system of each station, optimize its operation and energy consumption ratio, and predict and warn possible faults in the distribution system and equipment. Through the Internet of Things, the equipment in the distribution system can achieve interactive perception and visualization, thereby achieving overall intelligent and efficient operation.

In summary, the intelligent power distribution system fully matches the needs of smart pipelines, and can provide more value-added services and applications to better support the construction of smart pipelines.

 

4.Conclusion and Outlook

In summary, compared with the traditional power distribution system, the intelligent power distribution system can greatly improve the data processing speed of the power distribution system, reduce the response time of system and equipment failures, increase the reliability of the power distribution system, extend the service life of the power distribution equipment, and reduce the number of operation and maintenance personnel to a certain extent. In the long run, the intelligent power distribution system is not only much more advanced than the traditional power distribution system in terms of function, but also effectively reduces the operating cost. It is an indispensable part of the intelligent station field that constitutes the smart pipeline.

 

 

Outlook: Currently, newly built and planned oil and gas pipeline stations are gradually applying intelligent power distribution systems. Thanks to the significant advantages of intelligent power distribution systems, new oil and gas pipeline stations in the future will be better in terms of electrical reliability, automation, and economy. There have been great improvements in all areas, and old oil and gas pipeline stations are also planned to be upgraded and renovated to gradually apply intelligent power distribution systems to give them new vitality. As the wave of digitalization advances, big data analysis, cloud computing, the Internet of Things, and automated control systems will continue to develop, and intelligent power distribution systems will further evolve to better serve smart pipelines.

 

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